Psoriasis in the head is one of the most common forms of psoriasis.It can be an independent variant of the disease, when psoriatic rashes are found only on the head (regional head psoriasis), or may be associated with manifestations of generalized, diffuse forms, when pathological changes capture the entire surface of the skin.
Causes of the disease
The causes of psoriasis in the head are the same as that of other localization psoriasis.However, none of the many theories of psoriasis is universally recognized, and, despite the large number of studies, the true causes of the disease are still unknown.However, the factors are distinguished, the role of which is confirmed in the development of the disease.
- Inheritance.In about one -third of patients, psoriasis is inherited according to classical genetics laws: from parents to offspring, according to the prevailing autosomal mechanism.In other cases, psoriasis refers to multifactorialism to disease, when hereditary factors increase the risk of disease in the presence of other important effects.
- Immune, endocrine, metabolic disorders.
- Disordishes Epidermal disorder: different types of changes in the life cycle of skin cells, among which the greater value is attached to abnormal keratinocyte propagation (acceleration of skin separation) and a slowdown in morphological differentiation (ripening and division into different cell types).
The main symptoms
The main local symptom of scalp psoriasis is the thick, clearly limited papule and tiles of pink or bright red with a characteristic white silver peel on their surface.Typical localization - forehead and freezing area at the border of the hair growth area.At the beginning of the disease, there are usually few plaques, they are pale and, as they were, wiped, long preserved in the same places.After exposure to provocative factors (trauma, infection, pregnancy, diet, nervous shock, etc.), redness progresses.The plane grows in size, joining, becoming brighter, itching.Hair with psoriasis does not fall out, even in the case of heavy course and wide head lesions.
When the surface of the tiles appears, you can determine the characteristic trio of symptoms:
- The phenomenon of stearine point is a peel increase with a slight props.
- The phenomenon of the terminal film - after removing the scales, the surface of the tile becomes wet, thin, shiny.
- Auspitz symptom, or a phenomenon of bloody dew - with carefully spreading the terminal film, the bleeding of the point occurs in the form of small non -improved blood points.
In addition to local symptoms, some patients develop nail lesions and psoriatic arthritis.
Treatment
The treatment of psoriasis in the head should be complex, including the correction of potential causes and the elimination of provocative factors, diet therapy and general and local funds.Specific skin care recommendations and the choice of medicines in each case are individual, and they should give them a dermatologist.
Unfortunately, today it is not known how to fully cure psoriasis - the disease is chronic, prone to frequent relapses.However, the complete fulfillment of all appointments can provide a long constant apology when skin symptoms become unclear or completely disappear.
Diet
The diet of patients with psoriasis is similar to the diet of patients with allergies, as it is precisely allergy intermediaries (histamine and others) that support acute skin changes.Thus, they are excluded from the diet:
- Extractive substances (rich meat and fish soups, smoked meat).
- Spices, spices.
- Products with a large number of artificial aromas, color.
- Marinada, sauerry and salty vegetables, canned food.
- Mushrooms.
- alcohol
- Exotic fruits (mango, kiwi, etc.).
Fat and fried dishes are limited, easily soluble carbohydrates (sweets, pasta, butter baking), table salt.Against the backdrop of irritation, it is recommended to make discharge days, with intense itching redness - a day hunger twice a week.
Skin
Even with severe itching, combing the skin should be avoided, as plaque damage often contributes to the emergence of new rashes (Kobner phenomenon).To facilitate itching and removal of scales, they wash their heads daily, alternating the use of special shampoos and decoction of anti -inflammatory plants.Shampoo from head psoriasis may contain:
- pitch
- Selena sulfide;
- Zinc.
Shampoors are used no more than three times a week, and among these procedures it is recommended to wash your head with a decoction of chamomile, calendula, sage, pine extract and tea leaves.
potion
Treatment of psoriasis in the head in case of severe irritation can be performed in a hospital, with the systemic corticosteroid recipe (oral or intramuscular), desensitizing therapy (antihistamines inside and intramuscular).Detoxification is performed, intravenous administration of sodium thosulfate, calcium chloride, intramuscular injections of calcium gluconate (or prescribed inside).
Moreover, with severe and moderate psoriasis, it is possible to describe the following groups of medication (strictly according to indications and individually!):
- Cytostatics (Metotrexate, Cyclosporin) - to suppress abnormal cell spread.
- System retinoids - to regulate the processes of regeneration and differentiation of skin cells.The drug is not combined with cytostatics and other retinoids.
- Biological system agents - reduce the activity of the immune system.
Local funds
With extensive skin manifestations, especially with elements of acute inflammation, exudation, in the presence of combs, local funds are used limited and extremely careful, as the active penetration of the active substance through the damaged skin with the development of systemic side effects is possible.They begin to apply at the phase of irritation, and during the partial prayer period, local medicines form the basis for the treatment of psoriasis.
In addition to therapeutic shampoos and anti -inflammatory decoctions, pastries, ointments, creams, gel, lotions are used.The following drugs are most often used:
- Tar-containing local funds are applied to the head twice daily with 1-2 weeks.It is not recommended that they be treated for a long time without interruption, as they can cause excess dry skin.
- Ointment Naphthalan.
- Salicylic oil.Salicylic acid has a keratolytic effect ("scattered" thick cells), disinfects the surface of the plates.
- Means with zinc.
- Local forms of glucocorticosteroids.To avoid developing local skin changes (steroid acne, irritation, thinning, atrophy, allergic dermatitis) and systemic side effects (metabolic disorders, hormonal, etc.) corticosteroids are determined within two weeks 1 time a month.They should be applied twice daily with a thin layer and only on the tiles, the surface of which has no mechanical damage (comb, erosion).In addition to creams, there are emulsions and hormone lotions on sales, which are easier to wash from hair.
- Vitamin D analogs are applied to lesions 2 times daily, they can be used in combination with local steroids.
- Local retinoids are applied to tiles every hour daily in courses of 10 days or more, depending on the response to treatment (they can cause severe irritation in the field of application).
- Antraline is used up to 4 times daily.Side effects - irritating effect (itching, redness), yellow skin color at the site of application.
- Combined local remedies are modern and very effective medicines for the treatment of psoriasis.Most often, combinations of pitch glucocorticoids are used, salicylic acid.Another good cure combined for psoriasis on the head.
A large number of local drug trade names are produced by psoriasis, and only one specialist can understand them.Do not have it yourself, buying the advice of acquaintances or under the influence of advertising any, even medicines, even really effective.How to treat psoriasis on only a dermatologist's head should determine, as local therapy always means individually selected combinations and alternative medicines.
Treatment not -drug
Psoriasis refers to climate -dependent diseases.Thus, natural sunlight is very useful for psoriasis, contributing to a decrease in skin manifestations.Patients are recommended daily, but a brief stay in the sun (in the morning, closer to the evening).In winter autumn periods, UOF is described.River and sea water have a good effect.A continuous and quite complete pardon can be achieved after you have passed a course of rehabilitation and treatment in the Sanatorium in the Dead Sea.
In the treatment of head psoriasis, physiotherapy techniques are widely used: UFV phototherapy, UFV of a narrow range, bullet therapy.It should be borne in mind that frequent stay in the sun and physiotherapeutic methods for the treatment of psoriasis increase the risk of skin cancer, so physiotherapy is not recommended for children, and all other groups of patients should undergo preventive examinations of the oncologist each year.