Psoriasis is a chronic, non-communicable skin disease. This disease is recurrent. Very rarely, psoriasis can affect the joints, nails and mucous membranes. People of all ages are susceptible to psoriatic diseases. According to statistics, there was a tendency for the development of the disease in childhood.
Psoriasis is absolutely not a contagious disease of a chronic nature. Most dermatologists tend to believe that psoriasis is a systemic disease. In their opinion, the disease affects not only a specific area of the skin, but also affects in the pathological process almost all body systems (endocrine, immune, nervous).
From the outside, it may seem that psoriasis is a mild disease. But in reality, this is not true at all. The disease is dangerous. Deaths are known in dermatology. In case of a premature or incorrect treatment, psoriasis affects the whole body, which leads to serious complications. For example:
- psoriatic arthritis
- swollen lymph nodes
- CONJUNCTIVITIS
- mucosal damage
- flattening and damage of nail plates
- spontaneous pain
- amyotrophy
- rarely - heart damage
As a rule, psoriasis does not disrupt the normal rhythm of a sick person's life. The only inconvenience is peeling and inflammation of the skin. Unfortunately, it is impossible to recover from this disease, but it is quite possible to suspend its development or prevent the occurrence of relapses. To do this, it is enough to complete all the doctor's prescriptions and undergo a systematic treatment in a hospital.
Causes of psoriasis
There is no specific cause for the onset of the disease. There are many factors that can lead to the development of psoriasis. There is no clear opinion on one reason or another in dermatology. There are many versions. Most dermatologists are of the opinion that the disease has a genetic predisposition. It is impossible to assert or deny without a doubt that inheritance is the main reason. There are times when the whole family was sick with psoriasis.
In other words, we can say this: if a mother is sick with psoriasis, then it is not necessary that her offspring should definitely show signs of this disease. But it is also impossible to rule out a genetic predisposition. For example, if a grandmother suffers from this disease, then it is possible that grandchildren will never be diagnosed with psoriasis. The question of the causes of the development of the disease at the gene level remains open to this day.
The other factor, which, according to many dermatologists, can provoke the appearance of psoriasis, is a disease of the endocrine system. For example, kidney dysfunction, diabetes mellitus, pituitary dysfunction. The percentage of signs of psoriatic disease in people suffering from pathologies in the endocrine system is quite high. Therefore, the link between diseases exists and is proven by numerous examples.
In addition to the above reasons, there are many endogenous factors. For example:
- Delayed diseases of an infectious nature, for example, tonsillitis. According to statistics, 17% of patients surveyed believe that psoriasis is a consequence of angina complications.
- Chronic infectious pathological processes, such as laryngitis or tonsillitis, can also provoke psoriatic disease.
- Long-term use of certain medications: interferons, NSAIDs, beta-blockers, and others.
- Strange as it may sound, pregnancy can also lead to the development of psoriasis. In a woman's body, significant hormonal changes occur, which often cause a dormant pathological process in the body.
- It is impossible to rule out the negative effect on the human body of excessive consumption of ultraviolet radiation, i. e. prolonged exposure to the scorching sun or frequent visits to the solarium.
Of course, in addition to endogenous factors, there are a number of exogenous causes. For example, skin diseases (dermatitis, mycosis, pyoderma), mechanical damage to the integrity of the skin, allergic dermatitis.
Interesting fact. Psoriasis is significantly more common in HIV-infected people than in healthy people. Importers It is important to note that women are more susceptible to psoriatic disease than the male population. Dry, thin and sensitive skin is another predisposing factor.
You should know that if a person has disorders of the immune system, then quite often this pathology provokes psoriasis. Immune disorders and psoriatic disease are closely related.
There are a large number of reasons that lead to psoriasis, but there is not a single one that would fully lead to the development of the disease.
Types and forms of psoriasis
Psoriasis is a multiform disease. According to statistics, people usually suffer from only one form of psoriasis at a time. But there are times when a person had several forms of psoriasis at the same time. Often in dermatological practice, and such cases when one form of psoriasis passes smoothly to another. Such a "rebirth", as a rule, leads to an immediate cessation of the prescribed treatment.
In dermatology, there are two main groups of types of psoriasis: non-pustular and pustular.
Pustular format- Barbera psoriasis, psoriasis of the feet and palms (see photo), Tsumbusha psoriasis, ring pustulosis. This form of psoriasis is conventionally divided into generalized and localized. Recent pustular psoriasis can occur in absolutely any area of the skin. There are cases when pustules form on plaques in psoriasis vulgaris.
As an example of an independent disease, you can consider Allopo acrodermatitis. As a rule, this disease is characterized by lesions of the pustules and crusts of the distal phalanges of the toes and feet. Another example of an independent disease of a localized form of psoriasis is pustular psoriasis of the feet and palms. Importers It is important to note that some dermatologists tend to believe that this disease is a form of pustular bacterium.
Generalized pustular psoriasis includes:
- herpetiform impetigo,
- psoriasis Tsumbusha,
- generalized exanthemous psoriasis.
As a rule, men aged 15 to 35 suffer from Tsumbush psoriasis. This disease is much less common in women.
Pustular exanthema psoriasis occurs suddenly (suddenly) and acutely. In most cases, there is a close relationship with other infectious diseases, such as tonsillitis. The rash is mainly localized in the trunk. Most often children, adolescents are susceptible to the disease, less often adults.
Impetigo Herpetiform is a serious disease that can lead to death. As a rule, this disease is characteristic of pregnant women, most often in the second trimester. But in dermatological practice, there are still extremely rare cases of the disease in men, non-pregnant women and children.
Psoriasis not pustular. . . In other words, we can say simple psoriasis. This form of the disease differs from the others in a steady course. For the non-pustular form of psoriasis, almost the entire surface of the body is affected. This type includes:
- erythrodermic psoriasis
- psoriasis vulgaris, or common, or plaque.
Common psoriasis occurs quite often, up to 90% of patients with psoriasis are patients with the vulgar form of this disease.
Psoriatic erythroderma is a serious disease that often leads to a fatal outcome - the death of the patient. With the disease, there is a violation of thermoregulatory function, as well as a decrease in skin barrier function. These pathologies lead to pyoderma or sepsis.
Classification and symptoms of psoriasis
There is no single classification of psoriasis generally accepted by dermatologists. There is still debate as to how to classify this skin disease. Some sources have their own list of forms of psoriasis. The most common classification of the disease:
- Gutate psoriasis
- Pustular psoriasis
- Psoriatic onyx
- Psoriasis of the mucous membranes
- Exudative psoriasis
- Psoriasis of the feet and palms
- Arthropathic psoriasis
- Intertriginous psoriasis
- Psoriatic erythroderma
- Seborrheic psoriasis
- Vulgar psoriasis
- Pustular bacteria
- Tsumbusha Psoriasis
Arthropathic psoriasisinitially it is almost asymptomatic. Patients sometimes notice only mild joint pain. Over time, the pain intensifies, becoming sharp and acute. The affected joints swell. If the disease is not treated, then the joints are deformed and there is a restriction in their mobility. As a rule, arthropathic psoriasis is often associated with rheumatoid type pain. In winter, there is an exacerbation of the disease, i. e. seasonality is characteristic of such psoriasis.
Pustular psoriasis. . . It is not uncommon, only 1% of the total mass of patients with psoriasis falls on this type of disease. In most cases, the rash is symmetrical and localized to the heel and palm. Pustular psoriasis is generalized and localized. The latter form is more common than the previous one. Generalized pustular psoriasis is difficult. In dermatology, there are frequent cases of death as a result of sepsis and severe intoxication of the body.
Psoriatic erythroderma. . . Severe psoriasis resulting from exacerbation of pre-existing psoriasis. This disease may be due to a worsening of the underlying disease, and the first time it was born. Secondary psoriatic erythroderma develops, as a rule, in 2% of those suffering from this disease.
Often, this disease occurs spontaneously, but cases of psoriasis as a result of improper, irritating treatment of dermatosis in the acute period of the disease are not excluded. Patients notice an increase in pathological foci of desquamation, an increase in temperature, and dehydration is detected. In dermatological practice, there have been cases of death in psoriatic erythroderma.
Gutate psoriasis- the second most common disease among all forms of psoriasis, children and adolescents suffer most often. It is characterized by the appearance on the skin of a large number of dry, purple and small elements that rise slightly above the surface of the intact skin. The rash is in the form of a drop, circle or tear. As a rule, the elements cover the entire human body, but most "densely" are located in the thighs. In most cases, the appearance of tear-shaped psoriasis is provoked by a streptococcal infection. For example, streptococcal sore throat, streptococcal pharyngitis.
Psoriatic onyx. . . This disease is characterized by various changes in the appearance of the nail plate, both on the hands and feet. First of all, the color of the nail changes, sometimes the nail bed together. The nail becomes gray, yellow or bleached. Small dots or spots appear on the nails, and sometimes even under the nail plate itself. The nail plate thickens, stretch marks and brittleness appear. Another clinical manifestation of the disease is thickening of the skin around the nail bed. The difficult result of psoriatic onyx is spontaneous nail loss.
Psoriasis of the mucous membranes- is a type of pustular psoriasis or psoriasis vulgaris. Most often, the mucous membranes of the cheeks, tongue and lips are affected, less often the mucosa of the genitals and eyes. With the pustular form of psoriasis, the rashes are wider, a large area of mucosa is affected, and geographic glossitis is noted. In common psoriasis, flat white-gray papules with clear borders appear on the mucous membranes, which rise above the intact surface.
Psoriasis of the feet and palms. . . This disease is a form of localized pustular psoriasis. As a rule, this form is chronic and recurrent. In dermatology, there are cases where Barbera's psoriasis continued with plaque psoriasis at the same time. Pustules appear on the inner surface of the hands and / or feet. Over time and under the influence of medical therapy, the bladder-pustules dry out. Then such dried elements form dense brown crusts.
Psoriasis of intertrigues. . . This disease is characterized by the appearance of rashes on mostly large folds of skin. For example, intergluteal, folds between the fingers, folds of the hips, armpits and the area under the mammary gland. Intriguing psoriasis is more common in patients with diabetes mellitus, VSD (vegetative-vascular dystonia), overweight, who do not follow simple hygienic rules.
Erythematous-papular edematous foci, erosive and tearing, are formed in the folds. An important feature of the elements of this disease is that the detachment of the corneal layer is pronounced along the periphery. Interactive psoriasis is very similar to epidermophytosis, candidiasis or rubromycosis. Importers It is important to note that the clinical picture of candidiasis or dermatomycosis is much brighter and sharper than that of psoriasis.
Seborrheic psoriasis. . . In terms of its symptoms, seborrheic psoriasis is very similar to seborrheic eczema. As a rule, psoriatic rash has the same localization as the elements with seborrheic eczema. It can be:
- nasolabial folds
- HEAD
- ears
- chest area
- intercapular region
With seborrheic psoriasis, areas appear on the scalp in which severe skin rash is observed. An important feature of this disease is the formation of a kind of psoriatic crown. The skin lesion occurs from the forehead and spreads smoothly to the scalp, in such a simple way the outline of the crown appears. It should be noted that dandruff is an alarm signal that "speaks" for the development of seborrheic psoriasis.
Behind the ear, as a rule, red eczema is formed and purulent crusts often layer. For localized rashes on the chest and face, yellow-gray scales are characteristic. A psoriatic rash always causes severe itching. Important It is important to note that seborrheic psoriasis is difficult to diagnose, as it is often confused with seborrhea.
Exudative psoriasis. . . This type of psoriasis is more common in children and the elderly. A fairly high risk of developing this disease in patients with disorders of the endocrine and immune systems. Exudative psoriasis often affects the healthy skin of people who are overweight or have diabetes.
This disease is characterized by excessive accumulation of exudate in the papule, which gradually emerges on its surface, forming a yellow crust. If crusts are removed, a weeping and bleeding surface is exposed. The scales dry out over time and stretch on top of each other, thus forming a fairly dense and massive conglomerate.
The main feature of exudative psoriasis is a clear localization of pathological foci. As a rule, the lower limbs and large folds are more affected. The rash gives a person itching and burning sensation stronger. The clinical picture of this disease is sharp and acute.
Vulgar psoriasis. . . There are different names in different sources. For example, tile, ordinary, simple. This type of psoriasis ranks first in prevalence - in almost 90% of patients with psoriasis, this type is observed. The disease usually begins acutely enough. The first symptoms appear almost immediately.
Vulgar psoriasis is characterized by the appearance of typical elements that rise slightly above the intact areas of the skin. The rash is inflamed, red and hot to the touch. The elements are thick, covered with a silvery white film (skin), scaly, dry that comes off easily.
You should be aware that gray crusts are easily removed, which leads to damage to the lower layer of the papule, which is equipped with numerous small vessels. This usually results in a small sub-cut. Lesions affected in dermatology are called psoriatic plaques.
Such tiles have a tendency to coalesce, which leads to their increase in size. Over time, tiles form, which have a special name - "paraffin lakes". Psoriatic outbreaks with common psoriasis are very mild. Treatment is long-term, requiring hospital treatment.
Pustular bacteria. . . According to statistics, this disease occurs mainly in young people (from 20 years old) and middle-aged people (up to 50 years old). The exact etiology of pustular bacteria has not been established. There is an assumption that the disease develops against the background of a strong and prolonged allergy associated with infectious foci. For example, carious teeth, tonsils or tonsils.
Psoriatic outbreaks affect the skin of the palms and soles of the feet. The pustular bacterium is chronic, recurrent. The first foci appear, if in the palms, then in the center, if in the bottom, then in the arch. The primary psoriatic elements are small in size, not exceeding the size of the head of a stake. Over time, the pustules dry out and form lamellar crusts. Patients feel severe itching and soreness in the affected areas.
A paroxysmal course of the disease is characteristic of a pustular bacterium. At the same time, inflammation occurs in all areas affected by psoriasis. Gradually, the psoriatic foci increase and after a few weeks, almost the entire surface of the palms or soles recedes into the pathological process. As a rule, pustular bacteria last for years and with constant relapses.
Food for psoriasis
Patients with psoriasis are simply required to follow a diet and adhere to the basic principles of proper nutrition. The main task of the diet is to maintain a normal acid-base balance. But it is important to note that the alkaline background of the body should prevail slightly over that acidic.
Of course, body balance depends on the foods that psoriasis patients consume every day. Importers It is important to know for every person suffering from this disease that 70% of the daily diet should be calculated from the products that form alkali in the body. For acid formation - no more than 30%. In simpler terms, it is possible to say this: products that produce alkali should be consumed 4 times more than acid-forming ones.
List of products that form alkali in the body:
- Any vegetable except rhubarb, squash and Brussels sprouts. Importers It is important to remember that potatoes, peppers, eggplants and tomatoes are strictly forbidden.
- Fruits should not be excluded. The main thing is not to use prunes, cranberries, currants and cranberries. It is worth noting that bananas, melons and apples should not be consumed at the same time as other foods.
- Be sure to drink fresh vegetable juices from carrots, beets, parsley, celery and spinach.
- Fruit juices from grapes, pineapple, pears, orange, papaya and grapefruit, mango, lemon and apricot can be consumed daily. Importers It is important to add lemon juice to your food.
List of foods that psoriasis patients are forbidden to eat (form acid):
- You should completely eliminate or reduce to a minimum the consumption of foods that contain starch, fats, sugars and oils. Typically, these include the following foods: potatoes, beans, cream, cheese, cereals, meats, dried peas. An unbalanced daily intake of these products inevitably leads to the onset of acidic reactions in the blood. The result is a deterioration in well-being.
- It is important to balance your diet properly. There are a number of foods that are forbidden to be consumed at the same time. For example, meat products with foods that contain a large amount of sugars and sweets and starch should not be combined.
- It is important to limit your sugar intake. Preservatives, vinegar, dyes and various food additives should be included in the diet as little as possible.
- The main point is that it is necessary to completely exclude the consumption of alcohol and alcoholic beverages.
Every patient with psoriasis should remember that eating properly is an important condition in treating this disease. Necessary weight to replace frying with stew or stew. It is necessary to eat foods that undergo gentle processing.
Treatment of psoriasis
Treatment of psoriasis should be done during an exacerbation in a hospital setting and on an outpatient basis - during remission. Diet is an important point in treatment. Fasting days are beneficial.
In addition to specialized diets and treatments, it is important to carefully monitor skin hygiene. For washing, it is good to use tar soap, you can also use baby soap. You should, as often as possible, take baths with a decoction of celandine, tricolor or HOPS.
If there are no contraindications, you can try to treat psoriasis and folk remedies. Do not experiment and self-medicate. Only a doctor has the right to advise which folk remedy is useful and necessary.
List of safe and effective oils for psoriasis:
- A packet of butter (but not dispersed) butter should be placed in a pot of crushed propolis (10 g). Put on the fire and cook after boiling for 15 minutes. After - it is necessary to completely drain the mixture and leave to cool. Store this medicine only in the refrigerator. Method of application - rub on the affected area several times a day.
- In a clay dish, it is necessary to grind fresh St. John's wort flowers (20 g), celandine root, propolis, calendula flowers (10 g). Vegetable oil is added to the resulting mixture. Store in a cool place out of direct sunlight. Method of application - completely lubricate psoriatic outbreaks 3 times a day.
- In a liter of white wine for half an hour, boil the gallbladder and the scales of sea fish, whose weight exceeds three kilograms, on a fairly low flame. Cool, drain, then add a glass of olive oil. Method of application - thoroughly wash the affected areas with egg soap and wipe dry. After that, lubricate the elements with this mixture. The course of treatment is until the medicine is finished.
- Thoroughly mix equal parts of celandine powder and Vaseline (by weight). Method of application - the oil is spread in a thin layer on the rash and left for up to three days. After that, you should take a short break, about 4 days. Treat it until the psoriasis is completely gone.
- A tablespoon of vegetable oil is added to the beaten eggs at home (2 pieces). The mixture is beaten again, after which acetic acid (40 g) is introduced. Store the oil in a tightly closed jar. Method of application - treat psoriatic outbreaks once a day, preferably at night.
- An equally effective and common remedy for treating psoriasis is healing clay. The clay should be heated to 38 degrees and applied to the affected skin. This procedure should be performed in the evening, preferably before bedtime. After 30 minutes, the dirt is removed with warm water. Importers It is important to remember that after impurities, all rashes should be treated with saline. The body should dry out and excess salt should drop. Without washing or moisturizing the skin, you should go to bed. And only in the morning, smear the psoriatic elements with cream. The recommended course is 20 procedures (every other day).
Whatever the popular way of treating psoriasis, it should be negotiated with the attending dermatologist.